5,018 research outputs found
Constrained analytical interrelations in neutrino mixing
Hermitian squared mass matrices of charged leptons and light neutrinos in the
flavor basis are studied under general additive lowest order perturbations away
from the tribimaximal (TBM) limit in which a weak basis with mass diagonal
charged leptons is chosen. Simple analytical expressions are found for the
three measurable TBM-deviants in terms of perturbation parameters appearing in
the neutrino and charged lepton eigenstates in the flavor basis. Taking
unnatural cancellations to be absent and charged lepton perturbation parameters
to be small, interrelations are derived among masses, mixing angles and the
amount of CP-violation.Comment: To be published in the Springer Proceedings in the Physics Series
under the heading of the XXI DAE-BRNS Symposium (Guwahati, India
Fitting Neutrino Physics with a U(1)_R Lepton Number
We study neutrino physics in the context of a supersymmetric model where a
continuous R-symmetry is identified with the total Lepton Number and one
sneutrino can thus play the role of the down type Higgs. We show that
R-breaking effects communicated to the visible sector by Anomaly Mediation can
reproduce neutrino masses and mixing solely via radiative contributions,
without requiring any additional degree of freedom. In particular, a relatively
large reactor angle (as recently observed by the Daya Bay collaboration) can be
accommodated in ample regions of the parameter space. On the contrary, if the
R-breaking is communicated to the visible sector by gravitational effects at
the Planck scale, additional particles are necessary to accommodate neutrino
data.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added, constraints updated,
overall conclusions unchange
The Maximal Inverse Seesaw from Operator and Oscillating Asymmetric Sneutrino Dark Matter
The maximal supersymmetric inverse seesaw mechanism (MSIS)
provides a natural way to relate asymmetric dark matter (ADM) with neutrino
physics. In this paper we point out that, MSIS is a natural outcome if one
dynamically realizes the inverse seesaw mechanism in the next-to minimal
supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) via the dimension-five operator
, with the NMSSM singlet developing TeV scale VEV; it
slightly violates lepton number due to the suppression by the fundamental scale
, thus preserving maximally. The resulting sneutrino is a
distinguishable ADM candidate, oscillating and favored to have weak scale mass.
A fairly large annihilating cross section of such a heavy ADM is available due
to the presence of singlet.Comment: journal versio
Parental transfer of the antimicrobial protein LBP/BPI protects Biomphalaria glabrata eggs against oomycete infections
Copyright: © 2013 Baron et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was funded by ANR (ANR-07-BLAN-0214 and ANR-12-EMMA-00O7-01), CNRS and INRA. PvW was financially supported by the BBSRC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Spina bifida-predisposing heterozygous mutations in Planar Cell Polarity genes and Zic2 reduce bone mass in young mice
Fractures are a common comorbidity in children with the neural tube defect (NTD) spina bifida. Mutations in the Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway contribute to NTDs in humans and mice, but whether this pathway independently determines bone mass is poorly understood. Here, we first confirmed that core Wnt/PCP components are expressed in osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro. In vivo, we performed detailed ”CT comparisons of bone structure in tibiae from young male mice heterozygous for NTD-associated mutations versus WT littermates. PCP signalling disruption caused by Vangl2 (Vangl2Lp/+) or Celsr1 (Celsr1Crsh/+) mutations significantly reduced trabecular bone mass and distal tibial cortical thickness. NTD-associated mutations in non-PCP transcription factors were also investigated. Pax3 mutation (Pax3Sp2H/+) had minimal effects on bone mass. Zic2 mutation (Zic2Ku/+) significantly altered the position of the tibia/fibula junction and diminished cortical bone in the proximal tibia. Beyond these genes, we bioinformatically documented the known extent of shared genetic networks between NTDs and bone properties. 46 genes involved in neural tube closure are annotated with bone-related ontologies. These findings document shared genetic networks between spina bifida risk and bone structure, including PCP components and Zic2. Genetic variants which predispose to spina bifida may therefore independently diminish bone mass
Lepton flavour violation in the MSSM
We derive new constraints on the quantities delta_{XY}^{ij}, X,Y=L,R, which
parametrise the flavour-off-diagonal terms of the charged slepton mass matrix
in the MSSM. Considering mass and anomalous magnetic moment of the electron we
obtain the bound |delta^{13}_{LL} delta^{13}_{RR}|<0.1 for tan beta=50, which
involves the poorly constrained element delta^{13}_{RR}. We improve the
predictions for the decays tau -> mu gamma, tau -> e gamma and mu -> e gamma by
including two-loop corrections which are enhanced if tan beta is large. The
finite renormalisation of the PMNS matrix from soft SUSY-breaking terms is
derived and applied to the charged-Higgs-lepton vertex. We find that the
experimental bound on BR(tau -> e gamma) severely limits the size of the MSSM
loop correction to the PMNS element U_{e3}, which is important for the proper
interpretation of a future U_{e3} measurement. Subsequently we confront our new
values for delta^{ij}_{LL} with a GUT analysis. Further, we include the effects
of dimension-5 Yukawa terms, which are needed to fix the Yukawa unification of
the first two generations. If universal supersymmetry breaking occurs above the
GUT scale, we find the flavour structure of the dimension-5 Yukawa couplings
tightly constrained by mu -> e gamma.Comment: 37 pages, 15 figures; typo in Equation (35) and (49) correcte
On the nature of the fourth generation neutrino and its implications
We consider the neutrino sector of a Standard Model with four generations.
While the three light neutrinos can obtain their masses from a variety of
mechanisms with or without new neutral fermions, fourth-generation neutrinos
need at least one new relatively light right-handed neutrino. If lepton number
is not conserved this neutrino must have a Majorana mass term whose size
depends on the underlying mechanism for lepton number violation. Majorana
masses for the fourth generation neutrinos induce relative large two-loop
contributions to the light neutrino masses which could be even larger than the
cosmological bounds. This sets strong limits on the mass parameters and mixings
of the fourth generation neutrinos.Comment: To be published. Few typos corrected, references update
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Remote pulmonary rehabilitation for interstitial lung disease: developing the model using experience-based codesign
Data availability statement: Data are available on reasonable request.Supplementary Data: This web only file has been produced by the BMJ Publishing Group from an electronic file supplied by the author(s) and has not been edited for content : https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/bmjresp/suppl/2024/02/21/11.1.e002061.DC1/bmjresp-2023-002061supp001_data_supplement.pdf .Background Remote delivery may improve access to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). Existing studies are largely limited to individuals with COPD, and the interventions have lacked codesign elements to reflect the needs and experiences of people with chronic respiratory disease, their carers/families and healthcare professionals. The aim of this study was, using experience-based codesign (EBCD), to collaborate with people with interstitial lung disease (ILD), their carers/families and healthcare professionals, to codesign a remote PR programme ready for testing in a future study.
Methods EBCD comprises interviews, stakeholder workshops and codesign meetings. One-to-one videorecorded interviews with purposively selected people with ILD with experience of PR, their carers/families and healthcare professionals, were edited into a 20âmin film. The film was shown at three audiorecorded stakeholder feedback events to identify key themes and touchpoints, and short-list key programme components. The programme was finalised at two further codesign workshops.
Results Ten people with ILD, four carers/families and seven healthcare professionals were interviewed. Participants in the codesign workshops included service-user group: n=14 and healthcare professional group: n=11; joint event: n=21. Final refinements were made with small codesign teams, one comprising three people with ILD and one carer/family member, one with five healthcare professionals. The final codesigned model is a group based, supervised programme delivered by videoconference. Key elements of programme specific to ILD include recommendations to ensure participant safety in the context of desaturation risk, dedicated time for peer support and adaption of the education programme for ILD needs, including signposting to palliative care.
Conclusion In this EBCD project, a remote PR programme for people with ILD was codesigned by service-users, their carers/families and multidisciplinary healthcare professionals. Future research should explore the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention.Royal Brompton and Harefield Charity Research Management Fun
PRESENT 2020: Text Expanding on the Checklist for Proper Reporting of Evidence in Sport and Exercise Nutrition Trials.
Some readers may not have access to the full paper, so a properly formatted and well-written abstract is imperative. Authors should give priority to information about the current study rather than using the abstract for an extensive background or rationale.
2a Methods: Key information regarding the study design, methods, and population should be summarized to enable broad understanding of the study from the abstract.
2b Results: Readers are interested in extracting key data that reflect the main findings of the study. The abstract should present data (e.g., the absolute magnitude of values and the size/precision of effectsâspecifying which measures of central tendency and variability are stated) rather than simply stating the presence, absence, or direction of effects. The presentation of p values or similar inferential statistics is no substitute for reporting actual data (Maughan, 2004).
2c Conclusion: Priority should be given to the reporting of results as per the previous section, with only a brief concluding statement thereafter. A concise conclusion based on what was actually measured in the study is preferred to speculative interpretations, with cautious use of language to avoid hyperbole or improper inference of causality (Brown et al., 2013). It is not appropriate or necessary to identify further research priorities here
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